Gao, Zhengzheng
Wang, Xiaoxue
Hua, Lei
Li, Lijing
Wang, Fang
Zhang, Jianmin
Article History
Received: 19 June 2025
Revised: 7 November 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 27 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This prospective observational study was approved by the Beijing Children’s Hospital Institutional Review Board (Approval No.: [2024]-Y-093-D). Written informed consent was obtained from the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of all participating children prior to enrollment.