Kausch, Sherry L.
Manetta, Sara
Gummadi, Angela
Krahn, Katy N.
Duncan, Amanda
Benz, Rachel
King, William E.
Friedman, Hayley
Travers, Colm P.
Ambalavanan, Namasivayam
Vesoulis, Zachary A.
Sullivan, Brynne A.
Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Revised: 26 January 2026
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 10 March 2026
Competing interests
: Some authors have financial conflicts of interest. Dr. Vesoulis receives consultant fees from Medtronic. W.E. King is CEO of Medical Prediction Sciences Corporation (MPSC, Charlottesville, VA). All other authors have no financial conflicts to disclose. No authors have any non-financial conflicts of interest to disclose.
: This study was approved by the IRB at each site with waiver of consent.