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Authors
Zhu, Hongrui
Yan, Ho Ka
Ye, Jinlin
Li, Yunfan
Xiao, Lin
Yu, Zhuojun
Wang, Xingying
Li, Xianhong
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Article History
Received: 20 September 2025
Revised: 22 January 2026
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 15 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in full compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Hainan Medical University (No. HYLL- 2024-687). Informed consent was obtained from all primary caregivers of the autistic children prior to their participation.
