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Authors
Ye, Sunyi
Peng, Ding https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2252-1304
Zhu, Lixian
Zhu, Yi
He, Anbang
Jing, Taile
Yao, Xiaolin
Wei, Shilong
Zhao, Qianqian
Chen, Jieyin
Ye, Yanle
Cai, Jingshuang
Zhou, Jin
Wang, Ping
Huang, Zhiyang
Wang, Shuo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province (2024C03198, 2024C03198)
Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LQ23H160027)
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Article History
Received: 31 March 2025
Revised: 3 July 2025
Accepted: 15 July 2025
First Online: 28 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This prospective clinical study was approved by the Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University. All patients provided written informed consent, which included disclosure of surgical risks and explicit permission for the use of intraoperative images (including Fig. ) in scientific publications. All methods adhered to the relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
