Shi, Xiaolei
Wang, Jarey H.
Chapin, Brian F.
Aparicio, Ana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-0923
Subudhi, Sumit K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-7732
Tran, Phuoc T.
Park, Ryan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4725-2937
Deek, Matthew P.
Zhang, Hong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3631-9163
Bylund, Kevin C.
Cummings, Micheal
Armstrong, Andrew J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-1754
Tang, Chad
Sutera, Philip https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-5909
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (T32CA154274, 1R01CA271540, 5R01CA233585 – 05)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U54CA273956)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-21-1-0296)
Movember Foundation-Distinguished Gentlemen’s Ride-Prostate Cancer Foundation
Article History
Received: 15 July 2025
Revised: 20 September 2025
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 11 October 2025
Competing interests
: PTT disclosures: Consulting/advisory role and Patent with Natsar Pharmaceuticals (Compounds and methods of use in ablative radiotherapy. Patent filed 3/9/2012. PCT/US2012/028475. PCT/WO/2012/122471) licensed with royalties to Natsar Pharmaceuticals. Consulting/advisory role and research funding with Astellas Pharma, Reflexion Medical, Bayer Health. Consulting/advisory role with Bayer, Regeneron, Pfizer, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Lantheus, and Novartis. SKS reports grants from AstraZeneca, Johnson and Johnson, and Regeneron; consulting/advisory roles for Apricity Health LLC, Arcus Biosciences, Baird, Bayer, Boxer Capital, Breaking Data, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dava Oncology, Dendreon, Hervolution, Johnson & Johnson, Kahr Medical Ltd, Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals, Macrogenics, Merck, NoeticInsight, Novartis, OncLive (owned by Intellisphere, LLC), Pfizer, Portage, Regeneron, Rondo Therapeutics, The Clinical Comms Group, and Vicero. CT disclosure: drug support for trial from Merck, drug and financial support from Noxopharm; Assay and financial support from Myriad Genetics; Royalties and licenses with Wolter Kluwer, Stanford Office of Technology and Licensing; Participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board with Bayer, Lantheus, Telix, Molli Surgical, Siemen Healthineer; other support from Elekta, Vision RT. AJA disclosure: Research support (to Duke) from the NIH/NCI, PCF/Movember, DOD, Astellas, Pfizer, Bayer, Janssen, BMS, AstraZeneca, Merck, Pathos, Amgen, Novartis; Consulting or advising relationships with Astellas, Pfizer, Bayer, Janssen, BMS, AstraZeneca, Merck, Forma, Celgene, Myovant, Exelixis, GoodRx, Novartis, Medscape, MJH, Z Alpha, Telix.