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Authors
Mallikarjuna, Pramod
Erdem, Cemal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3663-3646
Beorlegui, Ruben Ilundain
Larsson, Anders https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3161-0402
Ljungberg, Börje
Kamali-Moghaddam, Masood
Landström, Maréne https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6737-7230
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse (2020.0239)
Vetenskapsrådet (2020-02258)
Cancerfonden (22-2166)
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Article History
Received: 11 April 2025
Revised: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 19 August 2025
First Online: 26 September 2025
Competing interests
: ML is a founder, shareholder, and board member of the company MetaCurUm Biotech AB that develops TGFBR1-based cancer therapies and biomarkers. The other authors declare no competing interests.
: The present study was approved by the institutional review board and ethical committee of Northern Sweden (Regionala Etikprövningsnämnden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; approval numbers 2012-418-31 M, 2018-296-32 M, 2019-02579) and ethical board in Uppsala University (01/367). Written informed consent was obtained from the patients after oral information given by the staff.
