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Authors
Fischer, Julius C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6951-3416
Göttert, Sascha
Giller, Maximilian
Heinrich, Paul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-2083
Fan, Kaiji
Khalid, Omer
Walther, Caroline N.
Drießlein, Maria
Nefzger, Sophie M.
Eisenkolb, Gabriel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0717-5861
Timnik, Vincent R.
Jarosch, Sebastian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2908-8590
Klostermeier, Lena
Engleitner, Thomas
Strieder, Nicholas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1183-1099
Gebhard, Claudia
Diederich, Sarah
Schmid, Nicole A. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7461-7321
Lansink Rotgerink, Laura
Joachim, Laura
Ghimire, Sakhila
Vonbrunn, Eva https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0418-0267
Büttner-Herold, Maike https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9974-6683
Remke, Marianne
Steiger, Katja https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-5433
Öllinger, Rupert
Rad, Roland
Wolff, Daniel
Feuerer, Markus
Hoffmann, Petra https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3541-6196
Edinger, Matthias https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2889-2533
Rehli, Michael
Tschurtschenthaler, Markus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0060-4790
Kepp, Oliver https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-9558
Kroemer, Guido https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-4405
Thiele Orberg, Erik
Combs, Stephanie E.
Herr, Wolfgang
Bassermann, Florian
Busch, Dirk H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-093X
Holler, Ernst
Heidegger, Simon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6394-5130
Poeck, Hendrik
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Article History
Received: 25 January 2025
Revised: 27 September 2025
Accepted: 26 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Competing interests
: H.P. is a consultant for Gilead, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Servier, and Bristol Myers-Squibb and has received research funding from Bristol Myers-Squibb. S.H. is a consultant for Bristol Myers-Squibb, Novartis, Merck, AbbVie, and Roche and has received research funding from Bristol Myers-Squibb and Novartis. S.H. is an employee of and holds equity interest in Roche/Genentech. M. B-H. received honoraria for lectures or articles from Sanofi, Pfizer, Springer, Thieme, and Novartis. K.S. is a consultant for TRIMT GmBH and has filed a patent for a radiopharmaceutical target. D. Wolff received a research grant from Novartis and honoraria from Novartis, Incyte, Syndax, Mallinckrodt, Takeda, Behring, Neovii and Sanofi. S.E.C.: Consulting fees from Icotec AG (Switzerland), HMG Systems Engineering GmbH (Germany), and Bristol Myers Squibb BMS (Germany). Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (most speaking appointments include reimbursement of travel costs—does not apply for virtual appointments): Roche, BMS, Brainlab, AstraZeneca, Accuray, Dr. Sennewald, Daiichi Sankyo, Elekta, Medac, med update GmbH. G.K. has been holding research contracts with Daiichi Sankyo, Eleor, Kaleido, Lytix Pharma, PharmaMar, Osasuna Therapeutics, Samsara Therapeutics, Sanofi, Sutro, Tollys, and Vascage. G.K. is on the Board of Directors of the Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation France. G.K. is a scientific co-founder of everImmune, Osasuna Therapeutics, Samsara Therapeutics and Therafast Bio. G.K. is in the scientific advisory boards of Hevolution, Institut Servier, Longevity Vision Funds and Rejuveron Life Sciences. G.K. is the inventor of patents covering therapeutic targeting of aging, cancer, cystic fibrosis and metabolic disorders. G.K.’s wife, Laurence Zitvogel, has held research contracts with Glaxo Smyth Kline, Incyte, Lytix, Kaleido, Innovate Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Pilege, Merus, Transgene, 9 m, Tusk and Roche, was on the Board of Directors of Transgene, is a cofounder of everImmune, and holds patents covering the treatment of cancer and the therapeutic manipulation of the microbiota. G.K.’s brother, Romano Kroemer, was an employee of Sanofi and now consults for Boehringer-Ingelheim. The funders had no role in the design of the study, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. O.Ke. is a cofounder of Samsara Therapeutics. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.
