Li, Yan-Ruide https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9858-300X
Li, Miao
Chen, Yuning
Leng, Houfu
Zhu, Yichen
Shen, Xinyuan https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2788-3993
Croll, Duncan
Zhu, Enbo
Huang, Jie
Wang, Yu-Chen
Krall, Abigail S.
Christofk, Heather R.
Lusis, Aldons J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-0228
Yang, Lili
Funding for this research was provided by:
UC | University of California, Los Angeles (CIRM-BSCRC Postdoctoral Fellowship)
UC | University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA Sydney Finegold Postdoctoral Award)
UC | University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA Chancellor’s Award for Postdoctoral Research)
UC | University of California, Los Angeles (Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center Collaborative Research Fellowship award)
UC | University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA BSCRC Innovation Award)
California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (DISC2-11157)
California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (DISC2-13015)
California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (TRAN1-12250)
California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (TRAN1-16050)
U.S. Department of Defense (CA200456)
Article History
Received: 18 August 2025
Revised: 20 December 2025
Accepted: 19 January 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Competing interests
: Y.-R.L. and L.Y. are inventors on patents relating to this study filed by UCLA. M.L. is currently an employee of AstraZeneca. L.Y. is a scientific advisor to AlzChem and Amberstone Biosciences, and a co-founder, stockholder, and advisory board member of Appia Bio. Appia Bio licensed some patents relating to this study from UCLA. None of the declared companies contributed to or directed any of the research reported in this article. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.