Funding for this research was provided by:
NuVasive (unrestricted research grants, unrestricted research grants, unrestricted research grant)
University of New South Wales (Postgraduate research award, postgraduate research award)
Baxter International (unrestricted research grants, unrestricted research grants, unrestricted research grant)
Article History
Received: 28 September 2024
Revised: 24 January 2025
Accepted: 6 February 2025
First Online: 26 February 2025
Competing interests
: Alisha Sial and Stone Sima were supported by university postgraduate award from the University of New South Wales. Spine Labs is supported by unrestricted research grants from Baxter inc. and Globus/Nuvasive inc. The Authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.