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Authors
Silvestre, Jason https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-0760
Fehlings, Michael G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5722-6364
Reitman, Charles A.
Lawrence, James P.
Ravinsky, Robert A.
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2024
Revised: 29 September 2025
Accepted: 2 December 2025
First Online: 14 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. This study qualified for review exemption status based on the policies of the Institutional Review Board. Informed consent was not necessary due to the de-identified nature of all data.
