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Authors
Oña, Ana
Strøm, Vegard
Sabariego, Carla
Gemperli, Armin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-0625
Pacheco Barzallo, Diana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-4071
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
EC | Horizon 2020 (801076)
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Article History
Received: 13 March 2025
Revised: 4 December 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 16 January 2026
Competing interests
: Authors must declare whether or not there are any competing financial interests in relation to the work described.
: Ethical approval and consent to participate are not required for this study. The InSCI Study Group ensures that all the research teams from the participant countries follow international standards for ethical approval and obtain consent to participate in each country. In addition, all the data from the International Spinal Cord Injury Survey (InSCI) are anonymized, and all research bases on data from this community survey, including the present study, need to be evaluated and approved before obtaining the data.
: All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations of the InSCI Study Group protocol for best practices in cross-cultural surveys.
