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Authors
Steiger-Chadwick, Rena M. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2488-2167
Farkas, Gary J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-6049
Reyes, Lorena https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1635-349X
Wong, Alex W. K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4423-2685
Ray, Cara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-8801
Heinemann, Allen W. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2782-7326
Eisenberg, Dan
Burns, Jennifer https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3541-2462
Le, My https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2910-0486
LaVela, Sherri L.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-22-1-0544)
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Article History
Received: 17 July 2025
Revised: 6 March 2026
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 19 May 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval was obtained from the following ethics committees: the Edward Hines, Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital Institutional Review Board (1693305-23) and Northwestern University Institutional Review Board (STU00217639). We certify that all applicable institutional and governmental guidelines and regulations concerning the ethical use of human volunteers were followed during the course of this research.
: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Department of Defense.
