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Article History

Received: 26 February 2024

Revised: 19 September 2024

Accepted: 23 September 2024

First Online: 12 October 2024

Competing interests

: T.A.A. was supported by NIMH Grant No. K01-MH123915. P.B. has received consulting and speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Allergan, Eisai, Janssen, Lundbeck, Merck, Pfizer, Otsuka, and research grants from CAN-BIND, CIHR, Janssen, OBI and Otsuka. J.A.F. has served on the Scientific Advisory Board for MRM Health NL and has received consulting/speaker fees from Alphasights, Novozymes, Klaire Labs, Takeda Canada, Rothman, Benson, Hedges Inc., and WebMD. S.K. reports grants from the Labatt Family Innovation Fund in Brain Health (Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto), the Max Bell Foundation, the Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction, the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC), and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). S.K. has received honorarium for past consultation from EmpowerPharm. R.W.L. has received honoraria for ad hoc speaking or advising/consulting, or received research funds, from: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, BC Leading Edge Foundation, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments, Grand Challenges Canada, Healthy Minds Canada, Janssen, Lundbeck, Lundbeck Institute, Medscape, Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, MITACS, Myriad Neuroscience, Ontario Brain Institute, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sanofi, Unity Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, and VGH-UBCH Foundation. R.M. has received consulting and speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Allergan, Eisai, Janssen, KYE, Lallemand, Lundbeck, Neonmind, Otsuka, and Sunovion, and research grants from CAN-BIND, CIHR, Janssen, Lallemand, Lundbeck, Nubiyota, OBI and OMHF. C.N.S. reported receiving personal fees from Otsuka and Sunovion and grants from Ontario Brain Institute, SEAMO Innovation Funds, and Ontario Research Fund–Research Excellence outside the submitted work. D.J.M. reports grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the Alternative Funding Plan (CAMH-AFP). D.J.M. has received a speaker honorarium rom Novagenic. S.R. reported receiving grants from Ontario Brain Institute and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research during the conduct of the study and having a patent to Teneurin C-Terminal Associated Peptides and Methods and Uses Thereof issued. S.H.K. - Grant received/grants pending - Abbott, Allergan, Brain Canada, Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR), Janssen, Lundbeck, Ontario Brain Institute, Ontario Research Fund (ORF), Otsuka, Pfizer, Servier, Sunovion and Xian-Janssen. Consulting fees or honorarium - Abbott, Alkermes, Allergan, Boehringer Ingelheim, Brain Canada, Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR), Janssen, Lundbeck, Lundbeck Institute, Ontario Brain Institute, Ontario Research. Stock/Stock Options – Field Trip Health. F.F. reported receiving funding from Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery, and Canadian Institutes of Health Research. All other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.

: The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008.