Wen, Junhao http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2077-3070
Yang, Zhijian
Nasrallah, Ilya M. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-7562
Cui, Yuhan
Erus, Guray http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6633-4861
Srinivasan, Dhivya
Abdulkadir, Ahmed
Mamourian, Elizabeth
Hwang, Gyujoon
Singh, Ashish
Bergman, Mark
Bao, Jingxuan http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-3258
Varol, Erdem
Zhou, Zhen
Boquet-Pujadas, Aleix
Chen, Jiong
Toga, Arthur W.
Saykin, Andrew J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1376-8532
Hohman, Timothy J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-7014
Thompson, Paul M.
Villeneuve, Sylvia
Gollub, Randy http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9434-4044
Sotiras, Aristeidis http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-8820
Wittfeld, Katharina http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4383-5043
Grabe, Hans J.
Tosun, Duygu http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8644-7724
Bilgel, Murat http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5042-7422
An, Yang
Marcus, Daniel S.
LaMontagne, Pamela
Benzinger, Tammie L.
Heckbert, Susan R.
Austin, Thomas R.
Launer, Lenore J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-7612
Espeland, Mark
Masters, Colin L.
Maruff, Paul
Fripp, Jurgen
Johnson, Sterling C. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8501-545X
Morris, John C.
Albert, Marilyn S.
Bryan, R. Nick
Resnick, Susan M. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-7145
Ferrucci, Luigi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6273-1613
Fan, Yong
Habes, Mohamad http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9447-5805
Wolk, David
Shen, Li http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-0503
Shou, Haochang
Davatzikos, Christos http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1025-8561
Article History
Received: 4 June 2024
Revised: 18 September 2024
Accepted: 23 September 2024
First Online: 5 October 2024
Competing interests
: DW served as Site PI for studies by Biogen, Merck, and Eli Lilly/Avid. He has received consulting fees from GE Healthcare and Neuronix. He is on the DSMB for a trial sponsored by Functional Neuromodulation. AJS receives support from NIH (P30 AG010133, P30 AG072976, R01 AG019771, R01 AG057739, U01 AG024904, R01 LM013463, R01 AG068193, T32 AG071444, and U01 AG068057 and U01 AG072177). He has also received support from Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, a subsidiary of Eli Lilly (in-kind contribution of PET tracer precursor); Bayer Oncology (Scientific Advisory Board); Eisai (Scientific Advisory Board); Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc. (Dementia Advisory Board); Springer-Nature Publishing (Editorial Office Support as Editor-in-Chief, Brain Imaging, and Behavior). ME receives support from multiple NIH grants, the Alzheimer’s Association, and the Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute. HJG has received travel grants and speaker honoraria from Fresenius Medical Care, Neuraxpharm, Servier, and Janssen Cilag, as well as research funding from Fresenius Medical Care. HJG had personal contracts approved by the university administration for speaker honoraria and one IIT with Fresenius Medical Care. All other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.
: We confirm that all statistical and machine learning methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Participants provided written informed consent to the corresponding studies. The protocols of this study were approved by the University of Pennsylvania institutional review board. This study did not involve identifiable images from human research participants. The UKBB study has ethical approval, and the ethics committee is detailed here: .