Edwards, Emily R.
Geraci, Joseph C.
Gildea, Sarah M.
Houtsma, Claire
Holdcraft, Jacob A.
Kennedy, Chris J.
King, Andrew J.
Luedtke, Alex
Marx, Brian P. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-1796
Naifeh, James A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7248-3054
Sampson, Nancy A.
Stein, Murray B. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-2871
Ursano, Robert J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1861-9173
Kessler, Ronald C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-2305
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Defense (HU0001-15-2-0004)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Project SPR-002-24F)
Article History
Received: 8 May 2024
Revised: 10 December 2024
Accepted: 16 January 2025
First Online: 30 January 2025
Ethics approval
: The Human Subjects Committees of the University of Michigan, the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and the Army Medical Research and Materiel Command approved all recruitment, consent, and field procedures. A total of nā=ā72,387 respondents across these three STARRS surveys consented to link their deidentified survey data with Army administrative data. There are no identifiable images from human research participants involved in the current study. The present study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: All participants provided written informed consent.
: In the past 3 years, Dr. Kessler was a consultant for Cambridge Health Alliance, Canandaigua VA Medical Center, Child Mind Institute, Holmusk, Massachusetts General Hospital, Partners Healthcare, Inc., RallyPoint Networks, Inc., Sage Therapeutics and University of North Carolina. He has stock options in Cerebral Inc., Mirah, PYM (Prepare Your Mind), Roga Sciences and Verisense Health. In the past 3 years, Dr. Stein received consulting income from Actelion, Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Aptinyx, atai Life Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bionomics, BioXcel Therapeutics, Clexio, EmpowerPharm, Engrail Therapeutics, GW Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Roche/Genentech. He has stock options in Oxeia Biopharmaceuticals and EpiVario. He is paid for his editorial work on Biological Psychiatry (Deputy Editor) and UpToDate (Co-Editor-in-Chief for Psychiatry). The remaining authors declare no competing interests.