Jin, Rachel R.
Wong, Nichol M. L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0050-7736
Ma, Junji
Fang, Ji-Tseng
Lin, Chih-Ming
Toh, Cheng Hong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-5101
Wu, Kuan-Yi
Hsu, Jung Lung
Huang, Chih-Mao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-2575
Lee, Shwu Hua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3206-600X
Lee, Tatia M. C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-6609
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hong Kong Research Grants Council General Research Fund
grant CORPG3J0371 from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Article History
Received: 2 February 2024
Revised: 21 July 2025
Accepted: 12 August 2025
First Online: 29 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the institutional review board of Chang Gung Medical Foundation of Taiwan (approval number 201900702A3). Informed consent was obtained from all participants.