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Authors
Martens, Marieke A. G. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0108-1327
Cunha, Bruna Giribaldi
Erritzoe, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211
Nutt, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401
Carhart-Harris, Robin
Harmer, Catherine J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-8335
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
NIHR Oxford Health BRC
Alexander Mosley Charitable Trust and by the founding partners of Imperial College London’s Centre for Psychedelic Research.
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Article History
Received: 5 November 2024
Revised: 15 September 2025
Accepted: 8 October 2025
First Online: 13 November 2025
Competing interests
: DE reports to have received scientific consultancy fees from Aya Biosciences, Lophora Aps, Clerkenwell Health, and Mindstate Design Lab. DJN has received lecture fees from Lundbeck Otsuka Takeda and Janssen. RCH reports receiving consulting fees from MindState, Entheos Lab and Tryp Therapeutics. Also note for DJN and RCH: the Imperial College psychedelic centre has received support from the following companies developing psychedelic therapy for depression: COMPASSPathways, Usona, Small Pharma, Beckley Psytec. CJH has received consultancy fees from P1vital Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Sage Therapeutics, Pfizer, Zogenix, Compass Pathways, and Lundbeck. Prof. Harmer has held grant income from Zogenix, UCB Pharma, Janssen Pharmaceuticals. BG received consulting fees from SmallPharma. MM declares that they have no conflicts of interest.
