Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Croen, Lisa A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-9428
Qian, Yinge
Grosvenor, Luke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8643-5894
Alexeeff, Stacey
Yolken, Robert
Ames, Jennifer L.
Ashwood, Paul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4255-1893
Kim, Danielle HJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8136-7095
Van de Water, Judy https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-5875
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD095128)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 31 March 2025
Revised: 3 December 2025
Accepted: 20 January 2026
First Online: 4 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors have indicated they have no potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article to disclose.
: All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. This data-only study was approved by the KPNC Institutional Review Board (Protocol #1674365), which waived the requirement for informed consent from participants.
