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Authors
Croci, Marcos S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0743-2565
Brañas, Marcelo J.A.A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3218-7327
Finch, Ellen F.
Ren, Boyu
Uh, Stepheni
Dalmaijer, Edwin S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3241-0760
Caye, Arthur https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5341-7147
Salum, Giovanni A.
Rohde, Luis Augusto Paim
Miguel, Euripedes Constantino https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9393-3103
Pan, Pedro Mario https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-6520
Choi-Kain, Lois W.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Financial code 001)
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (465550/2014-2)
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (465550/2014-2)
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (465550/2014-2)
Gunderson Legacy Fund
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Article History
Received: 9 June 2025
Revised: 12 December 2025
Accepted: 20 January 2026
First Online: 2 February 2026
Competing interests
: Drs. Croci and Brañas have received authorship royalties from Manole. Dr. Caye acted as a consultant to Knight Therapeutics. Dr. Rohde has received grant or research support from, served as a consultant to, and served on the speakers’ bureau of Abdi Ibrahim, Abbott, Aché, Adium, Apsen, Bial, Cellera, EMS, Hypera Pharma, Knight Therapeutics, Libbs, Medice, Novartis/Sandoz, Pfizer/Upjohn/Viatris, Shire/Takeda, and Torrent in the last three years. The ADHD and Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Programs chaired by Dr Rohde have received unrestricted educational and research support from the following pharmaceutical companies in the last three years: Novartis/Sandoz and Shire/Takeda. Dr Rohde has received authorship royalties from Oxford Press and ArtMed. Dr. Pan received payment or honoraria for lectures and presentations in educational events for Sandoz, Daiichi Sankyo, Eurofarma, and Abbot. Choi-Kain receives royalties from the American Psychiatric Association and Springer, serves as a consultant for Tetricus Labs, and has served as a consultant for Boehringer Ingelheim. Other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
