Herrera-Rivero, Marisol https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-9487
McCartney, Daniel L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-0360
Whalley, Heather C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4505-8869
Berger, Klaus
McIntosh, Andrew M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0198-4588
Baune, Bernhard T. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6548-426X
Article History
Received: 21 October 2024
Revised: 19 December 2025
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 19 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing of interests.
: Ethical approval for the GS:SFHS study was obtained from the Tayside Committee on Medical Research Ethics (on behalf of the National Health Service). The BiDirect Study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Münster and the Westphalian Chamber of Physicians in Münster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.