Wei, Wenming
Cheng, Bolun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2915-5535
Qi, Xin
He, Dan
Cheng, Shiqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8427-0312
Yang, Xuena
Pan, Chuyu
Meng, Peilin
Hui, Jingni
Gou, Yifan
Zhao, Boyue https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0808-0706
Liu, Li https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0527-9250
Wen, Yan
Liu, Huan
Jia, Yumeng
Zhang, Feng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5254-2264
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2021JCW-08)
Article History
Received: 30 January 2025
Revised: 5 February 2026
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 26 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical oversight for the UK Biobank was provided by the North West Research Ethics Committee (REC reference number 06/MRE08/65), North West Multicenter Research Ethics Committee (REC reference 11/NW/0382), the National Information Governance Board for Health and Social Care, and the Community Health Index Advisory Group. All participants provided informed consent for the use of their anonymous data and samples for health-related studies and the opportunity to participate in further sub-studies. The present study was conducted under UK Biobank application number 46478. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
: As the lead author and guarantor of this manuscript, I hereby affirm that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted.