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Authors
Giné-Servén, Eloi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3130-5566
Boix-Quintana, Ester
Ballesteros, Alejandro
Daví-Loscos, Eva
Guanyabens, Nicolau
Casado, Virginia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3079-8776
Silles, Sara
Toll, Alba https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-5250
Campana, Mattia
Cuesta, Manuel J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0250-5718
Labad, Javier https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-1886
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI22/01400)
Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI22/01400)
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Article History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 31 March 2026
Competing interests
: AT has received honoraria for lectures or advisory boards from Otsuka, Casen Recordati and Laboratorios Rovi. JL has received honoraria for lectures or advisory boards from Janssen-Cilag, Otsuka, Lundbeck, Laboratorios Rovi, Angelini, Idorsia and Casen Recordati. These relationships are unrelated to the present work, which is an independent academic study based on cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and treatment resistance. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: The study protocol was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme (CEIC 1/18; Mataró, Spain). All experimental protocols were approved by this committee, and all methods were conducted in accordance with relevant institutional guidelines and regulations and with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent prior to participating in the study after being fully informed about the study procedures.
