Hall, Alisha S. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1684-6663
Musliner, Katherine L.
Debost, Jean-Christophe P.
Vilhjálmsson, Bjarni J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2277-9249
Chang, Zheng
D’Onofrio, Brian M.
Lichtenstein, Paul https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3037-5287
Kuja-Halkola, Ralf https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3765-2067
Brikell, Isabell
Funding for this research was provided by:
Independent Research Fund Denmark
Article History
Received: 17 September 2025
Revised: 18 February 2026
Accepted: 16 March 2026
First Online: 10 April 2026
Competing interests
: BJV is a member of the advisory board of Allelica. ZC has previously received speaker fees from Takeda Pharmaceuticals. ASMH, KLM, JCPD, PL, BMD, RKH, and IB report no financial relationships with commercial interests or potential conflicts of interest.
: This study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (reference number 2020-06540). Informed consent is not required for pseudonymized register-based research according to the Swedish law. All analyses were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.