Millman, Zachary B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3970-9960
Gold, James M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0109-9554
Schiffman, Jason
Ellman, Lauren M.
Walker, Elaine F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9798-8101
Powers, Albert R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-5043
Woods, Scott W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3103-5228
Silverstein, Steven M.
Mittal, Vijay A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9017-5119
Corlett, Philip R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5368-1992
Strauss, Gregory P.
Waltz, James A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-3719
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH132900)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH016259)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (L30MH131095)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH120090)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH120091)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH120089)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH120088)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH120089)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH120092)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH120090)
Article History
Received: 22 October 2025
Revised: 7 April 2026
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 10 June 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Northwestern University Institutional Review Board of record (STU00211351) and acknowledged by the Institutional Review Boards of all participating sites. Written informed consent was provided by all adult participants in this study; written informed assent was provided by all minor participants, with written informed consent provided by their parents or guardians. This work was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.