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Authors
Richier, Corey https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9766-9146
Zugman, André https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6126-7759
Harrewijn, Anita
Cardinale, Elise M.
Khosravi, Parmis
Aghajani, Moji https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2040-4881
Bruin, Willem B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-8903
Hilbert, Kevin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7986-4113
Cardoner, Narcis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9633-0888
Porta-Casteràs, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3921-3607
Cano, Marta https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0675-9483
Gosnell, Savannah
Salas, Ramiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-566X
Jackowski, Andrea P. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-5406
Pan, Pedro M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-6520
Salum, Giovanni A.
Blair, Karina S.
Blair, James R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6377-2361
Milad, Mohammed R.
Burkhouse, Katie L.
Phan, K. Luan
Schroeder, Heidi K.
Strawn, Jeffrey R.
Beesdo-Baum, Katja
Jahanshad, Neda
Thomopoulos, Sophia I. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0046-4070
Nielsen, Jared A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-193X
Smoller, Jordan W.
Soares, Jair C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5628
Mwangi, Benson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1717-4395
Wu, Mon-Ju https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0540-8027
Zunta-Soares, Giovana B.
Assaf, Michal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5307-1986
Diefenbach, Gretchen J.
Brambilla, Paolo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-8456
Maggioni, Eleonora https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-4029
Hofmann, David https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-634X
Straube, Thomas
Andreescu, Carmen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3767-5127
Price, Rebecca B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7590-4325
Manfro, Gisele G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0109-7591
Agosta, Federica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-4979
Canu, Elisa
Cividini, Camilla
Filippi, Massimo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-0479
Kostić, Milutin
Munjiza Jovanovic, Ana
Benson, Brenda
Freitag, Gabrielle F.
Leibenluft, Ellen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8971-2087
Ringlein, Grace V.
Werwath, Kathryn
Zwiebel, Hannah
Grabe, Hans J.
Van der Auwera, Sandra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-7768
Wittfeld, Katharina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4383-5043
Völzke, Henry
Bülow, Robin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1884-5784
Balderston, Nicholas L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8565-1544
Ernst, Monique
Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne R.
van Nieuwenhuizen, Helena
Critchley, Hugo D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2445-9284
Makovac, Elena
Mancini, Matteo
Meeten, Frances https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0648-0194
Ottaviani, Cristina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-4387
Fonzo, Gregory A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0213-1034
Paulus, Martin P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0825-3606
Stein, Murray B. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-2871
Gur, Raquel E.
Gur, Ruben C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4082-8502
Kaczkurkin, Antonia N. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0943-3094
Larsen, Bart https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-4342
Satterthwaite, Theodore D.
Harper, Jennifer
Perino, Michael T.
Sylvester, Chad M.
Yu, Qiongru
McClure, Patrick
Pereira, Francisco
Lueken, Ulrike https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-4012
Veltman, Dick J.
Thompson, Paul M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4720-8867
Groenewold, Nynke A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0865-8427
Bas-Hoogendam, Janna Marie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8982-1670
Stein, Dan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810
Van der Wee, Nic J. A.
Winkler, Anderson M.
Pine, Daniel S.
Sawyers, Chelsea K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9704-6555
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Article History
Received: 10 June 2025
Revised: 28 March 2026
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 24 May 2026
Competing interests
: PMP has received speakers' honoraria from Daiichi Sankyo, Libbs, Sandoz, Novartis, and Abbot. NJ is MPI of a research related grant from Biogen Inc, for work unrelated to this manuscript. JCS is a consultant for PFIZER, SUNOVIAN, SANOFI, JOHNSON & JOHNSON, Livanova, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Material support (for IOL site, led by MA and GJD) was provided by Neuronetics. FA is Section Editor of NeuroImage: Clinical; has received speaker honoraria from Philips, Novartis, and Biogen Idec; and receives or has received research supports from the Italian Ministry of Health, AriSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA), and the European Research Council. EC has received research supports from the Italian Ministry of Health. MF is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Neurology; received compensation for consulting services and/or speaking activities from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; and receives research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Roche, Italian Ministry of Health, Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla, and ARiSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA). MF is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Neurology; received compensation for consulting services and/or speaking activities from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; and receives research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Roche, Italian Ministry of Health, Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla, and ARiSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA). GAF owns equity in Alto Neuroscience and has served as a consultant for SynpaseBio AI and Alto Neuroscience. MPP is an advisor to Spring Care, Inc., a behavioral health startup, he has received royalties for an article about methamphetamine in UpToDate. MBS has in the past 3 years been a consultant for Actelion, Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Aptinyx, Bionomics, BioXcel Therapeutics, Clexio, EmpowerPharm, Epivario, GW Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Roche/Genentech, and Oxeia Biopharmaceuticals; and has stock options in Oxeia Biopharmaceuticals and Epivario. DJS has received consultancy honoraria from Discovery Vitality, Johnson & Johnson, Kanna, L’Oreal, Lundbeck, Orion, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda and Vistagen. KH is a scientific advisor to the Aury Care GmbH, which develops an AI-based chatbot providing mental health support. He holds virtual stock options in Aury Care GmbH. Previously, this relationship was with the Mental Tech GmbH, from which the Aury Care GmbH took over product development. This research was supported [in part] by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The contributions of the NIH author(s) are considered Works of the United States Government. The findings and conclusions presented in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NIH or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
