Ding, Xin
Murayama, Rumi
Cai, Yi
Yue, Yong
Yang, Jian-Jun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6785-9627
Hashimoto, Kenji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-0439
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20421)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171189)
Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Revised: 10 April 2026
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 20 May 2026
Competing interests
: Dr. Hashimoto is the inventor of filed patent applications on “The use of R -Ketamine in the treatment of psychiatric diseases”, “( S )-norketamine and salt thereof as pharmaceutical”, “ R -Ketamine and derivative thereof as prophylactic or therapeutic agent for neurodegeneration disease or recognition function disorder”, “Preventive or therapeutic agent and pharmaceutical composition for inflammatory diseases or bone diseases”, and “ R -Ketamine and its derivatives as a preventive or therapeutic agent for a neurodevelopmental disorder” by the Chiba University. Dr. Hashimoto has also received research support from Otsuka (Tokyo, Japan). The other authors declare no competing interests related to this study.