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Article History

Received: 6 September 2024

Accepted: 26 February 2025

First Online: 1 April 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: All experiments were performed in compliance with the relevant regulations, and all patients provided written informed consent. In addition, all animal experiments were performed according to procedures approved by the institutional animal care and use committee of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. The experiments followed the Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals issued by the Chinese Council on Animal Research. The maximum tumor size allowed by the ethics committee is not more than 2000 mm3, and this requirement was met for all the described experiments.

: All the authors agree with the content of the paper.