Zaghloul, Marwa Ahmed Ahmed https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5637-4844
El Sayed, Manal Ahmed
Abd Al-Gawad, Randa Youssef https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0123-8574
Abd El- Samad, Ahmed Mohamed
Article History
Received: 8 August 2024
Revised: 22 November 2024
Accepted: 28 November 2024
First Online: 9 January 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Scientific Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University (approval number 14722). The research was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent to participate was obtained from the children’s parents/guardians.