Article History
Received: 6 February 2025
Revised: 7 April 2025
Accepted: 14 April 2025
First Online: 20 May 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The design and procedures of this study were accomplished according to the research guidelines adopted by the Research Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt, with code (FP 07-22 3). Consent was not required for this study as it was an in vitro study that did not involve human participants, identifiable data, personal health information, extracted teeth, or animal study.