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Article History

Received: 27 November 2024

Revised: 21 January 2025

Accepted: 11 February 2025

First Online: 18 February 2025

Competing interests

: The authors report to conflicts of interest pertaining to the submitted work. PK: Loxo Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Kite: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Oncopeptides: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; CVS Caremark: Consultancy; Karyopharm: Research Funding; GlaxoSmithKline: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Mustang Bio: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sanofi: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; BeiGene: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Ichnos: Research Funding; Angitia Bio: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; X4 Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Keosys: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Regeneron: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding. Cook: Geron Corp: Other: Held $600 Geron Stock for one week and sold without profit. AD: Janssen: Research Funding; Alexion: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding; HaemaloiX: Research Funding; Alnylam: Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding. DD: Genentech: Consultancy; Sorrento: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Regeneron: Consultancy, Honoraria; K36 Therapeutics: ResearchFunding; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria; Sanofi: Consultancy, Honoraria; MSD: Consultancy, Honoraria; Apellis: Consultancy, Honoraria, ResearchFunding; Alexion: Consultancy, Honoraria. TK: Novartis: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding. NL: Checkpoint Therapeutics: Current holder of stock options in a privately held company; AbbVie: Current holder of stock options in a privately held company. Lin: Pfizer: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Caribou: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sanofi: Consultancy; NexImmune: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech: Consultancy; Legend: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Regeneron: Consultancy. EM: Protego: Consultancy. YLH: GSK: Honoraria; MultiMedia Medical, LLC: Consultancy; Shield Therapeutics: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Pfizer: Other: Consulting fee located to Mayo Research fund. SK: Celgene: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Takeda: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; KITE: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; MedImmune/AstraZeneca: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Adaptive: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Oncopeptides: Other: Independent review committee participation; Abbvie: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding. Rest of the authors do not have any relevant disclosures.