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Article History

Received: 11 February 2025

Revised: 13 April 2025

Accepted: 28 April 2025

First Online: 14 May 2025

Competing interests

: CJV serves as educational speaker for AbbVie and Pfizer and received travel grants from AbbVie, Jazz Pharmaceuticals and Pfizer. SV received travel, accommodations, and expenses from Astellas Pharma, Pfizer, Servier, AbbVie, and Jazz Pharmaceuticals; serves as consultant or in an advisory role (without honoraria) for Astellas Pharma, Pfizer, Servier, AbbVie, and Jazz Pharmaceuticals FG serves as educational speaker for AbbVie. AMR serves as a consultant or in an advisory role, for Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), AbbVie, and Kite Gilead; received travel grants from Kite Gilead, Roche, Takeda, Janssen, and AbbVie; and serves as a speaker for AbbVie and Gilead. MDB serves as a consultant for, in an advisory role for, received travel grants from, or served as speaker for BMS, AbbVie, Astellas, JazzPharma, Takeda, and Novartis. JE declares consultancy honoraria from AbbVie, Novartis, Astellas, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, BMS-Celgene, Pfizer, and Daichii-Sankyo, and received research grants from Novartis, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Pfizer. The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests. The founders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses or interpretation of the data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and conducted following standards set forth by the Declaration of Helsinki.

: All patients provided their informed consent for the use of laboratory results and genetic analyses.