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Article History

Received: 20 March 2025

Revised: 6 May 2025

Accepted: 13 May 2025

First Online: 23 May 2025

Competing interests

: Parrondo serves on the advisory board for Sanofi Aventis and Astra Zeneca and has received research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation and GlaxoSmithKline. Ailawadhi has provided consultancy for Celgene, Amgen, Janssen, and Takeda, and has received research funding from Pharmacyclics, Cellectar, and Janssen. Chanan-Khan has received research funding from Xencor Pharmacyclics, Merck, Janssen, Ascentage, and Millennium. Kapoor received research funding from Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Celgene, and Amgen. Dispenzieri received research funding from Celgene, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, and Janssen and received a travel grant from Pfizer. Gertz served as a consultant for Millennium Pharmaceuticals and received honoraria from Celgene, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Prothena, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, and Amgen. Leung serves on an advisory board for Takeda Pharmaceuticals. Fonseca served as a consultant for Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Takeda, Bayer, Janssen, Novartis, Pharmacyclics, Sanofi, Karyopharm, Merck, Juno, Kite, Aduro, OncoTracker, Oncopeptides, GSK, and AbbVie, and is on the scientific Advisory Board for Adaptive Biotechnologies, Caris Life Sciences and OncoTracker. The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests.

: The study protocol and all amendments were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board at Mayo Clinic Florida (IRB # 23-001194) as an IRB-exempt study. The study was conducted in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice guidelines, the principles originating from the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Individual informed consent was obtained per institutional requirements and guidelines.