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Article History

Received: 4 May 2025

Revised: 23 June 2025

Accepted: 28 July 2025

First Online: 14 August 2025

Competing interests

: AL reports nonfinancial support from Pfizer; grants and personal fees from Janssen, outside the submitted work; serves on the Data Safety Monitoring Board for ArcellX and also has a patent US20150037346A1 with royalties paid. CT reports research funding from Janssen and Takeda, personal fees from MJH Life Sciences, and has received honoraria for consultancy/participated in the advisory boards for Janssen and Sanofi. GS receives research funding from Janssen, Amgen, BMS, Beyond Spring; serves on the data safety monitoring board (DSMB) for ArcellX; and receives research funding to the institution from Janssen, Amgen, BMS, Beyond Spring, and GPCR. NK reports research funding through Amgen, Janssen, Epizyme, AbbVie; consults for Clinical Care Options, OncLive, and Intellisphere Remedy Health; and participated in advisory board for Janssen and MedImmune. HL has served as a paid consultant for AbbVie, Immix Biopharma, Legend Biotech, Alexion, Prothena, and has received research funding from Nexcella, Janssen, Alexion, Protego, and Prothena. MS served as a paid consultant for McKinsey & Company, Angiocrine Bioscience, Inc., and Omeros Corporation; received research funding from Angiocrine Bioscience, Inc., Omeros Corporation, Amgen Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb, and Sanofi; served on ad hoc advisory boards for Kite - A Gilead Company, and Miltenyi Biotec; and received honoraria from i3Health, Medscape, CancerNetwork, and IDEOlogy. HH reports grants from Celgene, Takeda, and Janssen, outside the submitted work. KM reports grant support from ASH, MMRF, and IMS. U.A.S. reports research support from Celgene/Bristol Myers Squibb and Janssen; personal fees from ACCC, MashUp MD, Janssen Biotech, Sanofi, Bristol Myers Squibb, MJH LifeSciences, Intellisphere, Phillips Gilmore Oncology Communications, i3 health, and RedMedEd; and nonfinancial support from the ASH Clinical Research Training Institute and TREC Training Workshop (R25CA203650; PI: Melinda Irwin). MH reports research funding from GlaxoSmithKline, BeiGene, AbbVie, and Daiichi Sankyo, and has received honoraria for consultancy/participated in the advisory boards for Curio Science LLC, Intellisphere LLC, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen and GlaxoSmithKline. SG reports personal fees and advisory role (scientific advisory board) from Actinium, Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb, Sanofi, Amgen, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, JAZZ, Janssen, Omeros, Takeda, and Kite, outside the submitted work. SZU received research funding from Amgen, AbbVie, Array Biopharma, BMS, Celgene, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Merck, Pharmacyclics, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, SkylineDX, and Takeda, is a Consultant to AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, EdoPharma, Genentech, Gilead, GSK, Gracell, Janssen, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, SecuraBio, SkylineDX, Takeda, TeneoBio, and is also a Speaker with Amgen, BMS, Janssen, Sanofi. Bristol Myers Squibb, Sanofi, Amgen, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, JAZZ, Janssen, Omeros, Takeda, and Kite, outside the submitted work. S.M. reports research funding from the NCI, Janssen Oncology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Allogene Therapeutics, Fate Therapeutics, Caribou Therapeutics, and Takeda Oncology and has received consulting fees from EviCore, Optum, BioAscend, Janssen Oncology, Bristol Myers Squibb, AbbVie, HMP Education, and Legend Biotech, and honoraria from OncLive, Physician Education Resource, MJH Life Sciences, and Plexus Communications. H.H. reports consultancy for Karyopharm, Amgen, and Janssen. TS, SR, TF, RF, EJ, KM, BC, AD, and DN, have no conflicts of interest to disclose.