Document is current

Article History

Received: 6 June 2025

Revised: 25 July 2025

Accepted: 19 August 2025

First Online: 6 October 2025

Competing interests

: LF served on advisory boards and as a site principal investigator for Bristol Myers Squibb, Johnson & Johnson, and Pfizer. LDA served as a consultant and on advisory boards for Johnson & Johnson, Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb, Amgen, GSK, AbbVie, BeiGene, Cellectar Biosciences, Sanofi, and Prothena; served on the data safety monitoring board for Prothena; and received institutional research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, AbbVie, Regeneron, Caelum, CARsgen, Cellectar Biosciences, AstraZeneca, Arcellx, and Johnson & Johnson. A Chung served as a consultant and on an advisory board for Bristol Myers Squibb and Johnson & Johnson; and received institutional research funding from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Caelum, CARsgen, Cellectis, Johnson & Johnson, K36 Therapeutics, and Merck. CPC received honoraria from Johnson & Johnson and Sanofi/Genzyme. EP has nothing to declare. AJC served as a consultant or in an advisory role for Sebia, Johnson & Johnson, Bristol Myers Squibb, Sanofi, HopeAI, Adaptive Biotechnologies, and AbbVie; and received institutional research funding from Johnson & Johnson, Bristol Myers Squibb, Juno/Celgene, Sanofi, Regeneron, IGM Biosciences, Nektar, Harpoon, and Caelum. CC served as a consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb, Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, Karyopharm, and Genentech; and received institutional research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, Johnson & Johnson, Takeda, Ionis, Poseida, and Harpoon. SL received institutional research funding from Johnson & Johnson, Allogene, Bioline, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Regeneron, Sanofi, Ionis, and ImmPACT Bio; and owns stock or stock options for TORL BioTherapeutics. DWS served as a consultant or in an advisory role for GSK, Johnson & Johnson, Sanofi, AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Opna Bio, Arcellx, AstraZeneca, and Genentech; and received institutional research funding from Pfizer. KHS served on an advisory board for Bristol Myers Squibb, Johnson & Johnson, Sanofi, and GSK; received institutional research funding from AbbVie and Karyopharm; and received honoraria from Karyopharm, Johnson & Johnson, Adaptive Biotechnologies, GSK, Bristol Myers Squibb, Sanofi/Genzyme, and Regeneron. RS served as a consultant or in an advisory role for Sanofi, Johnson & Johnson, and Oncopeptides; and received institutional research funding from Sanofi. PV served as a consultant for, received honoraria from, and holds a membership on an entity’s board of directors or advisory committees for AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Karyopharm, Regeneron, and Sanofi. MK, HP, SP, VK, RC, and TSL are employees of and may hold stock in Johnson & Johnson. A Cortoos is a former employee of and may hold stock in Johnson & Johnson. AB received research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, GSK, BeiGene, Roche, and Johnson & Johnson.