Bian, Huiqin
Gangat, Naseema https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9104-6172
Shen, Na
Pang, Jiuxia
Wald, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8695-1178
Tse, William
Tefferi, Ayalew https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4605-3821
Yan, Fei
Liu, Shujun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5347-8345
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA248019)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA266256)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA149623)
Article History
Received: 8 October 2025
Revised: 25 November 2025
Accepted: 12 December 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All patients gave their written informed consent for scientific evaluations. The current study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Mayo Clinic and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees of the University of Minnesota and were in accordance with the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.