Document is current

Article History

Received: 29 September 2025

Revised: 31 January 2026

Accepted: 25 February 2026

First Online: 20 March 2026

Competing interests

: CV reports research funding from Janssen, Kite Pharma, K36 Therapeutics, Arcellx; consulting or advisory role for Janssen. JAD reports consulting or advisory role for Janssen. HH reports consulting or advisory role for Janssen, Amgen, and Karyopharm. TGM reports receiving research funding from Sanofi, Amgen, and Janssen Oncology, and serving as a consultant or in an advisory role for GlaxoSmithKline and Legend Biotech. AK reports research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb and AstraZeneca. DWS reports serving in an advisory role or as consultant for Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi, Legend Biotech, Opna Bio, Pfizer, AbbVie, AstraZeneca, and Genentech, and receiving research support from Pfizer. CBW Pfizer: Consultancy; Jazz: Research Funding. DKH reports research funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Karyopharm, Kite Pharma, and Adaptive Biotech; Consulting or advisory role for Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Legend Biotech, Pfizer, Kite Pharma, and Karyopharm. O.C.P. reports serving as a consultant or in an advisory role for Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, and Legend Biotech. L.S. reports serving as a consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. AA reports research funding from Abbvie, Adaptive Biotech, K36 Therapeutics, Janssen, Regeneron; Consulting or advisory role for Karyopharm, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Pfizer and Sanofi. LDA Jr reports research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, AbbVie, Janssen, and Cellectar; and consulting or serving in an advisory role for or receiving honoraria from Celgene, Janssen, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, GSK, AbbVie, BeiGene, Cellectar, Sanofi, Karyopharm, Pfizer, and Prothena. BD reports serving as a consultant or in advisory role for Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Genentech, Kite Pharma, Pfizer, Arcellx, Karyopharm, ECor1, Takeda, and Natera, and receiving research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Arcellx, CARsgen, C4 Therapeutics, and Sanofi. SR reports serving as a consultant for Pfizer and Prothena Biosciences and receiving research funding from Nexcella Inc, Poseida Therapeutics, and Janssen. DS Sanofi: Consultancy, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jansen: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. PAF reports serving as a consultant for Janssen and Sanofi and receiving research funding from Karyopharm. JK reports serving as a consultant for GPCR Therapeutics, Janssen, Prothena, and Legend Biotech, and receiving research funding from Prothena, Ascentage, Janssen, Karyopharm, and GPCR Therapeutics. YL reports serving as a consultant for Janssen, Legend, Celgene, Sanofi, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Regeneron, Genentech, NexImmune, and Caribou Biosciences, and receiving research funding from Janssen, Celgene, and Bristol Myers Squibb. SS reports receiving research support from Magenta Therapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb, Allogene, Janssen, Novartis, and AbbVie, and serving on the advisory board or as a consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Sanofi, Oncopeptides, Takeda, Regeneron, AbbVie, Pfizer, BioLineRx, Legend, and Kite Pharma. KKP reports serving as a consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Legend Biotech, Kite Pharma, Genentech, AbbVie, Sanofi, Caribou Biosciences, Takeda, Regeneron, and Poseida. SM reports serving as a consultant for Janssen and Pfizer; receiving honoraria from Pfizer; and owning stock in AbbVie. CJF reports consulting or advisory role for Janssen, research funding from Janssen and Regeneron. Remaining authors with no potential conflicts of interest.