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Article History

Received: 8 July 2026

Revised: 18 August 2026

Accepted: 7 September 2026

First Online: 23 September 2026

Ethics

Competing interests: JP reports research funding from Karyopharm, Biofourmis, and AstraZeneca, and honoraria from AbbVie, all paid to his institution. MAM reports consultancy for Genentech, AbbVie, and Acrotech. JCC reports consulting for Genentech, Genmab, BMS, Kite/Gilead; and research support from Genmab. JLM reports consulting for Pharmacyclics/AbbVie, Bayer, Gilead/Kite, BeiGene, Pfizer, Janssen, Celgene/BMS, Kyowa, Alexion, Fosun Kite, Seattle Genetics, Karyopharm, Aurobindo, Verastem, Genmab, Genzyme, Genentech/Roche, ADC Therapeutics, Epizyme, BeiGene, Novartis, MorphoSys/Incyte, MEI, TG Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly; research funding from Bayer, Gilead/Kite, Celgene, Merck, Portola, Incyte, Genentech, Pharmacyclics, Seattle Genetics, Janssen, Millennium, Novartis, BeiGene; and honoraria from Targeted Oncology, OncView, Curio, and Physicians’ Education Resource. YW reports research funding (to institution) from Incyte, InnoCare, Loxo Oncology, Eli Lilly, MorphoSys, Novartis, Genentech, Genmab, AbbVie, BeiGene, BeOne, Merck, AstraZeneca, and Bristol Myers Squibb; participation in advisory boards (compensation to institution) for Eli Lilly, Loxo Oncology, TG Therapeutics, Incyte, InnoCare, Kite, Janssen, BeiGene, BeOne, AstraZeneca, Genmab, and AbbVie; consultancy (compensation to institution) for InnoCare and AbbVie; and honoraria (to institution) from Kite. JPA reports research funding from Qurion, CRISPR Therapeutics, Eli Lilly, and BioMed Valley Discoveries for clinical trials, all paid to his institution.

Ethics approval and consent to participate: All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. This systematic review and meta-analysis used only previously published, aggregate data and did not involve the recruitment of participants, collection of new individual-level data, or direct interaction with human participants or animals. Therefore, ethics committee or institutional review board approval and informed consent to participate were not applicable.