Battista, Marta Lisa https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6602-8021
Facchin, Gabriele https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6695-8954
De Martino, Maria
Chiusolo, Patrizia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1355-1587
Russo, Domenico
Malagola, Michele https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-130X
Saraceni, Francesco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-9514
Mancini, Giorgia
Rambaldi, Alessandro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3739-7502
Cavattoni, Irene Maria
Lico, Albana
Nozzoli, Chiara
Cuoghi, Angela
Ladetto, Marco
Federico, Vincenzo
Micò€, Maria Caterina
Lupo-Stanghellini, Maria Teresa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1382-6939
Oldani, Elena
Degrandi, Eliana
Gallina, Anna Maria
Parma, Matteo
Biffi, Alessandra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4610-0870
Fagioli, Franca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9257-900X
Skert, Cristina
Geromin, Antonella
Savignano, Chiara
Isola, Miriam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-1720
Fanin, Renato
Ciceri, Fabio https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-0123
Martino, Massimo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-419X
Patriarca, Francesca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-524X
Article History
Received: 19 February 2025
Revised: 13 May 2025
Accepted: 24 June 2025
First Online: 26 July 2025
Competing interests
: FP participated in Advisory Board of Menarini, Sanofi, Bristol Meyer Squibb and received lecture honoraria from Johnson&Johnoson and Novartis. MTLS participated in Advisory Board of Novartis, Pfizer, consultancy Incyte, Sanofi, other (organization of scientific event) Therakos / Mallinkrodt. AL participated in AbbVie Speakers Bureau. All other authors declared no potential competing interests in relation to this study.
: Patient and transplant data were extracted from the European PROMISE database and additional queries were then submitted to each center to try to minimize missing data. All patients included in the study provided informed consent to data registration in the PROMISE database. The study, conducted in accordance with good clinical practice guidelines and regulations, was approved by the GITMO Trial Office and by the Institutional Review Board of Udine University (Prot. IRB 145/2024).