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Article History
Received: 23 April 2025
Revised: 24 July 2025
Accepted: 18 August 2025
First Online: 9 September 2025
Competing interests
: RG discloses speaking honoraria from Biotest, Pfizer, Medac, BMS, MSD, Neovii, Kyverna and Magenta; advisory board from Pfizer. AR: declares honoraria from Gilead and Kyte. JAS declares advisory board membership for the last 36 months with Medac, Jazz, Vertex and BMS. TA received study support from Johnson & Johnson. DA delcares MSD – local PI in a clinical trial, advisory board. AB: declares Speaker bureau or advisory board: Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Jazz, Takeda, Hikma, Biologix, Jansen, MSD, Abbvie, Pfizer and Amgen and Research support: Novartis, Roche, Takeda, Biologix, Hikma, Pfizer and Jansen. MDH: none MK advisory board Jazz, Alexion. KK: declares speaker’s bureau for Novartis, medac, Pierre Fabre. ZP declares advisory board for Amgen, Novartis and Pfizer. AMR: declares payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers’ bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Alexion (AstraZeneca Rare Disease), Apellis, Kira, Novartis, Omeros, Pfizer, Roche, and Sobi; and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Novartis and Sobi. AS declares TakedaBMS/Celgene, MSD. DPM, EA, MK, HM, BN, PP, ISO and FC declare no conflict of interests.
: This manuscript did not require ethical approval as it did not involve human participants, human tissue, animals, or identifiable personal data. It is based on EBMT recommendations, providing guidance on the indications for HCT and CAR-T in haematological diseases, solid tumours, and immune disorders, with reference to previously published literature, guidelines, and supporting evidence.