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Authors
Fujii, Takayuki
Sakurai, Masatoshi
Shimizu, Hiroaki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8550-4181
Izumi, Akihiko
Kimura, Kenji
Shono, Katsuhiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5163-0163
Tanoue, Susumu
Okada, Yosuke
Kako, Shinichi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-3395
Matsui, Shinichiro
Sakaida, Emiko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-1928
Jinguji, Atsushi
Ouchi, Fumihiko
Najima, Yuho https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8910-0021
Kobayashi, Takeshi
Tachibana, Takayoshi
Tanaka, Masatsugu
Iwata, Shino
Onizuka, Makoto https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3864-0823
Yano, Shingo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5895-5382
Hatano, Kaoru
Hagihara, Maki
Aotsuka, Nobuyuki
Fujisawa, Shin
Takahashi, Satoshi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1076-2338
Kobayashi, Nobuhiko
Kikuchi, Taku https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3210-7756
Tanaka, Keisuke
Kataoka, Keisuke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8263-9902
Kanda, Yoshinobu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4866-9307
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Article History
Received: 5 May 2025
Revised: 17 August 2025
Accepted: 8 September 2025
First Online: 15 September 2025
Competing interests
: KK received honoraria from Ono Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Astellas Pharma, Novartis, Chugai Pharmaceutical, AstraZeneca, Sumitomo Pharma, Kyowa Kirin, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, SymBio Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Nippon Shinyaku, Daiichi Sankyo, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, AbbVie, Meiji Seika Pharma, Sanofi, Sysmex, Mundipharma, Incyte Corporation, and Kyorin Pharmaceutical. KK received research support from Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Chordia Therapeutics, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Takeda Pharmaceutical, and Meiji Seika Pharma. KK received scholarship from Asahi Kasei Pharma, Eisai, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Ono Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kirin, Shionogi, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Teijin Pharma, Japan Blood Products Organization, Mochida Pharmaceutical, JCR Pharmaceuticals, and Nippon Shinyaku. KK owns stock in Asahi Genomics. KK has a patent for Genetic alterations as a biomarker in T-cell lymphomas and a patent for PD-L1 abnormalities as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade therapy. SF reports honoraria from Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Nippon Shinyaku, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., Novartis Pharma KK, Janssen, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., AstraZeneca, CSL Behring K.K, Meiji Seika Pharma, AbbVie Inc, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Asahi Kasei Pharma Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kissei, PharmaEssentia Japan, Genmab, Argenx Japan, Alexion Pharma, Inc., and Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and research funding from Shionogi Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Asahi-Kasei Pharma, and Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., outside of the submitted work.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethics committee of Keio University School of Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) (approval number 20231134). All patients provided informed consent for the use of their clinical data for research purposes. No identifiable images or other personal details of participants are presented in this manuscript.
