Cherief, Masnsen
Gomez-Salazar, Mario
Kang, Minjung
Lee, Seungyong
Ramesh, Sowmya
Qin, Qizhi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5437-0208
Xu, Mingxin
Kim, Soohyun
Archer, Mary
Zhu, Manyu
Hoke, Ahmet
James, Aaron W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-622X
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (P01 AG066603, R01 AR079171, R21 AR078919)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01 DE031488, R01 DE031028)
Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund (2021-MSCRFD-5641)
Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation for Childhood Cancer (22-26743)
Merkin Peripheral Neuropathy and Nerve Regeneration Center
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD044355)
Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation
Article History
Received: 12 August 2024
Revised: 9 April 2025
Accepted: 23 April 2025
First Online: 4 July 2025
Competing interests
: A.W.J. is a consultant and scientific advisory board chairman for Novadip LLC, consultant for Lifesprout LLC, and Editorial Board member of Bone Research, Stem Cells, and The American Journal of Pathology. A.H. is. Consulted to Pfizer, HDAX Therapeutics, GeneEdit and Axoprotego Therapeutics and is the Editor-in-Chief of Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. All the other authors declare no conflicts of interest. These arrangements have been reviewed and approved by Johns Hopkins University in accordance with its conflict-of-interest policies.