Schurman, Charles A.
Bons, Joanna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1110-4193
Woo, Jonathon J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8996-6754
Yee, Cristal
Liu, Qi
Tao, Nannan
Alliston, Tamara
Angel, Peggi
Schilling, Birgit https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9907-2749
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (P01 AG066591)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (T32 AG000266)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R21 AR084303)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (P30 AR066262)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R21 AR083065)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | NIH Office of the Director (S10 OD038264)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01 DE019284)
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD PRORP W81XWH1810155)
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD PRORP OR130191)
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD HT94252310875)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | NCI | Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (R21 CA240148)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (S10 OD030212)
Article History
Received: 22 January 2025
Revised: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 26 January 2026
Competing interests
: Nannan Tao is an employee of Bruker Daltonics Inc. Dr. Birgit Schilling serves on the advisory board of MOBILion Systems (Chadds Ford). No other authors declare competing interests.