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Authors
Musa, Afsha
Witton, Robert
Ali, Kamran
McColl, Ewen
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Article History
Received: 29 April 2024
Revised: 18 July 2024
Accepted: 23 July 2024
First Online: 17 January 2025
Ethics declaration
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: Completion of the Health Service Research Authority decision tool determined that ethical approval for the study was not required. PDSE publishes an annual patient safety report via its website and the data are publicly available. The study is based on secondary analysis of anonymous routinely collected data that is reported as part of service monitoring and performance. Consent was not required for retrospective data collection.
