Zhou, Yi
Wang, Ying
Deng, Shuli
Article History
Received: 19 February 2025
Revised: 30 April 2025
Accepted: 14 May 2025
First Online: 26 September 2025
Ethics declaration
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of the Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Approval No. 2023.080). All participants provided written informed consent before enrolment.