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Authors
Mannion, David
Conlon, Niall
Pierse, Dermot
McCrea, Patricia
Alamin, Salma
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Dublin, Trinity College
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Article History
Received: 9 December 2024
Revised: 22 May 2025
Accepted: 8 June 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Ethics declaration
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Ethical approval was not required for this study, as it was classified as a clinical audit by the Research and Innovation Office at St. James's Hospital and therefore exempt from the formal ethical approval process. Consent was not required for retrospective data collection.
