Nimptsch, Katharina http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7877-205X
Lee, Dong Hoon
Zhang, Xuehong
Song, Mingyang http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1324-0316
Farvid, Maryam S.
Rezende, Leandro F. M.
Cao, Yin
Chan, Andrew T.
Fuchs, Charles
Meyerhardt, Jeffrey
Nowak, Jonathan A.
Willett, Walter C.
Ogino, Shuji http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3909-2323
Giovannucci, Edward
Pischon, Tobias http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-767X
Wu, Kana
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (K07 CA188126, K99 CA215314, K07 CA218377, R35 CA197735, R03 CA197879, R21 CA222940, R21 CA230873)
American Cancer Society (RSG130476, MRSG-17-220-01)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R21 CA230873)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
Article History
Received: 5 May 2020
Revised: 2 November 2020
Accepted: 19 November 2020
First Online: 4 January 2021
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and of participating registries as required. Completion of the questionnaire was considered to imply informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: Further information, including the procedures to obtain and access data from the Nurses’ Health Studies is described at ExternalRef removed (contact email: nhsaccess@channing.harvard.edu).
: Jeffrey Meyerhardt has received institutional research funding from Boston Biomedical, has served as an advisor/consultant to Ignyta and COTA Healthcare, and served on a grant review panel for the National Comprehensive Cancer Network funded by Taiho Pharmaceutical. Andrew T. Chan has previously served as a consultant to Bayer Pharma AG, Pfizer Inc., and Boehringer Ingelheim for topics unrelated to this manuscript. Charles S. Fuchs reports consulting role for Agios, Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Bain Capital, CytomX Therapeutics, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Entrinsic Health, Evolveimmune Therapeutics, Genentech, Merck, Taiho, and Unum Therapeutics. He also serves as a Director for CytomX Therapeutics and owns unexercised stock options for CytomX and Entrinsic Health. He is a co-Founder of Evolveimmune Therapeutics and has equity in this private company. He had provided expert testimony for Amylin Pharmaceuticals and Eli Lilly. Shuji Ogino is a member of the Editorial Board of British Journal of Cancer. All other authors declare no competing interests
: The Nurses’ Health Study II was funded by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (U01 CA176726, R01 CA67262, and U01 HL145386) and this project was funded by grants R03 CA197879 (to KW), R21 CA222940 to (K.W. and R. Nishihara), R21 CA230873 (to K.W. and S.O.), K99 CA215314 (to M.S.), R00 CA215314 (to M.S.), R35 CA197735 (to SO), R35 CA253185 (to A.T.C.), K07 CA218377 (to Y.C.) and K07 CA188126 (to X.Z.). This work was also in part supported by an Investigator Initiated Grant from the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) to K.W. In addition, this work was supported by American Cancer Society Research Scholar Grant (RSG130476 to X.Z.), the American Cancer Society Research Mentored Research Scholar Grant (MRSG-17-220-01 to M.S.), the Stuart and Suzanne Steele MGH Research Scholar Award (ATC), the Raymond P. Lavietes Foundation and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Young Investigator Awards (to Y.C.), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (to W.C.W.) and the Breast Cancer Research Fund (to W.C.W.). Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.