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Article History

Received: 12 October 2019

Accepted: 12 February 2020

First Online: 16 March 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The human cancer tissues used in this study were approved by Committees for the Ethical Review of Research at the Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, P.R. China. We have received consent from individual patients who have participated in this study. The consent forms will be provided upon request. All proposals were approved and supervised by the institutional animal care and use committee of Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, P.R. China. All animal studies were conducted in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.

: The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding authors on reasonable request.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This project was sponsored by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81873137, 81973700, 81703885), by Shanghai Rising-Star Program (17QA1403400). This project was also sponsored by “ the twelfth five year” key subject (Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and General practice training of Traditional Chinese Medicine) of traditional Chinese medicine of State Administration of Traditional Chinese medicine and the Action Plan of Shanghai Municipality for Further Accelerating the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine [ZY(2018–2020)-RCPY-2016].