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Article History

Received: 17 January 2020

Revised: 30 April 2020

Accepted: 18 June 2020

First Online: 16 July 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entry into the study. The study was conducted in compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and local ethical and legal requirements. The protocol and informed consent were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), Meldola, Italy (REC 2192/2013).

: All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article and its Supplementary information data

: G.A. certifies that all conflicts of interest, including specific financial interests and relationships and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript (e.g. employment/affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, royalties, or patents filed, received or pending), are the following: G.A. reports receiving commercial research grants from Janssen, Arno Therapeutics and Innocrin Pharma; has received honoraria and/or travel support from the speakers’ bureaus of Janssen, Astellas, Sanofi-Aventis and Roche/Ventana; has received travel support from Pfizer, Abbott Laboratories, Bayer Healthcare and Essa Pharmaceuticals; has ownership interest (including patents) in The Institute of Cancer Research Rewards to Inventors; and is a consultant for/advisory board member of Janssen-Cilag, Veridex, Bayer Healthcare, Roche/Ventana, Astellas, Medivation, Pfizer, Novartis, Millennium Pharma, Abbott Laboratories and Essa Pharma. V.C. has received speaker honoraria or travel support from Astellas, Janssen-Cilag and Sanofi-Aventis, and has received consulting fee from Bayer. E.G.-B. received speaker honoraria or travel support from Astellas, Janssen-Cilag and Sanofi-Aventis. U.D.G. has served as consultant/advisory board member for Astellas, Bayer, BMS, Ipsen, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer and Sanofi; has received travel support from BMS, Ipsen, Janssen and Pfizer; and has received research funding from AstraZeneca, Roche and Sanofi (Inst). No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed by the other authors

: V.C. was funded by a European Society of Medical Oncology Translational Clinical Research Fellowship. A.J. was supported by a grant from the Medical Research Council (MR/P002072/1). G.A. was supported by a Cancer Research UK Advanced Clinician Scientist Grant (A22744) and Cancer Research UK Accelerator Award (C416/A26822). E.G.-B. was funded by a grant from the “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (ISCIII) PI15/01499. F.D. was funded by a grant from Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio Trento e Rovereto (CARITRO). The funders of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or writing of the report. The corresponding authors had full access to all data and had the final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.