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Article History

Received: 7 April 2022

Revised: 13 August 2022

Accepted: 17 August 2022

First Online: 1 September 2022

Competing interests

: GN-M: travel grants for meetings from Roche and Bayer, outside the submitted work. DE: employed by Roche, owner of Roche’s stocks. RC: Novartis employee, owner of Novartis’ stocks. YW: Employed by Novartis and holds Novartis stock. SC: research funding to her institution from Merck & Co., Pfizer, Salix Pharmaceuticals, and Rebiotix Inc. She receives consulting fees to her institution from AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo, Immunomedics, Biotheranostics, Novartis, Athenex, Syndax, Puma Biotechnology, Eisai, and Seagen. KP: consultant/advisory role: Pfizer, Roche, Amgen, Novartis, Eisai, Genomic Health Inc., Myriad Genetic Laboratories, Gilead Sciences. Royalties: UpToDate. MU: consultations and lectures (all fees to the employer/institution): Abbvie; Amgen; AstraZeneca; BMS; Daiji Sankyo; Gilead; GSK; Lilly; MSD Merck; Myriad Genetics; Novartis; Pierre Fabre; Pfizer, Roche; Sanofi Aventis; Saegen. MB-E: honoraria and/or advisory board from Pfizer, Novartis and Lilly. Travel grants from Pfizer. DDR: honoraria and/or advisory board from Roche, Novartis, Lilly, Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo, Zodiac, Libbs, United Medical and AstraZeneca; travel grants from Roche and Novartis; research grant to my institution from Novartis. AM-A: Institutional research funds from Genentech, GSK/Novartis and Sermonix. MP: board member (Scientific Board) from Oncolytics, consultant (honoraria) from AstraZeneca, Camel-IDS/Precirix, Gilead, Immunomedics, Lilly, Menarini, MSD, Novartis, Odonate, Pfizer, Roche-Genentech, Seattle Genetics, Immutep, Seagen, NBE Therapeutics, and Frame Therapeutics. Institutional research grants from AstraZeneca, Immunomedics, Lilly, Menarini, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Radius, Roche-Genentech, Servier, and Synthon (all outside the submitted work). UD: Honorarium as Member of the Tumour Agnostic Evidence Generation working Group of Roche, outside the submitted work. EdA: honoraria and/or advisory board from Roche/GNE, Novartis, Seattle Genetics, Zodiac, Libbs and Pierre Fabre Travel grants from Roche/GNE and GSK/Novartis Research grant to my institution from Roche/GNE, AstraZeneca, GSK/Novartis and Servier. The remaining authors declare no competing interest.

: All patients gave written informed consent, and institutional review board/institutional ethics committee approval to conduct the study was mandatory for all participating centres. The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.