Thomas, Claire E. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9515-3277
Adibi, Jennifer J.
Kuipers, Allison L.
Diergaarde, Brenda
Luu, Hung N. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-1849
Jin, Aizhen
Koh, Woon-Puay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5674-6341
Gao, Yu-Tang
Adams-Haduch, Jennifer
Wang, Renwei
Lokshin, Anna
Behari, Jaideep
Yuan, Jian-Min
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (T32CA186873, R01CA144034, UM1CA182876, R01CA080205, R01CA043092, R01CA255809, P30CA047904, T32CA186873)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
Article History
Received: 24 June 2022
Revised: 15 February 2023
Accepted: 24 February 2023
First Online: 28 March 2023
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Shanghai Cohort Study has been approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the Shanghai Cancer Institute and the University of Pittsburgh. The Singapore Chinese Health Study has been approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the National University of Singapore and the University of Pittsburgh. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. The present study has been approved by the University of Pittsburgh Human Research Protection Office and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.